Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

ISSN 2196-5625 CN 32-1884/TK

Multi-agent Bi-level Game Model for Park- level Integrated Energy System Based on Electricity-Carbon Market Collaborative Decision-making Mechanism
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1Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China;2Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China

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This work was supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. ZR2024ME029), Jockey Club Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics Lab of Future Energy Systems (No. 2025-0039), Global Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics Professorship (No. GSP313), and a Startup Grant of City University of Hong Kong, China “Data Driven Real Time Smart Energy Management System Supporting Energy Transition”.

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    Abstract:

    Effective coordination between electricity and carbon markets is critical for enabling energy-efficient decarbonization in integrated energy system. However, the inherent differences in trading products and timescales between two markets render independent electricity- carbon market mechanism invalid and target mismatch, particularly within multi-agent market environments. Hence, a multi-agent bi-level game model for park-level integrated energy system (PIES) is proposed in this paper, incorporating a novel electricity-carbon market collaborative decision-making mechanism. An equal-interval time discretization method is developed to reconcile the heterogeneity of discrete electricity market and continuous carbon market, enabling consistent timescale coordination. An improved alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm based on Peaceman-Rachford is adopted to achieve benefit allocation and rapid privacy-solving. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed multi-agent bi-level game model in balancing carbon reduction and economic efficiency, and enhancing the operation efficiency of multi-agent collaboration.

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History
  • Received:May 28,2025
  • Revised:September 08,2025
  • Adopted:
  • Online: July 24,2026
  • Published:
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