Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

ISSN 2196-5625 CN 32-1884/TK

Distributed Power Management of Off-grid DC Fast Charging Station Integrated with Multi-microgrid System Under Uncertainty and Outage Conditions
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Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

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    Abstract:

    Numerous studies nowadays have examined direct current fast charging (DCFC) stations equipped with distributed generations and storage devices or integrated with microgrid (MG) systems. However, none have proposed effective power management for off-grid DCFC stations integrated with multi-microgrid (MMG) system. In this paper, innovative distributed power management schemes (DPMSs) for off-grid DCFC station integrated with MMG system (DCFC-MMG) under uncertainty and outage conditions are proposed using distributed control systems (DCSs). The DCFC station is equipped with a central battery unit (CBU) and four charging locations (CLs). The MMG comprises three renewable MGs, which can meet their own energy demands of the power grid independently and provide fast charging for electric vehicles (EVs). Communication among MGs, CLs, and the CBU occurs through distributed interactions. Moreover, the MGs not only provide proper support from DCFC stations during CBU outage considering generation uncertainty and demand fluctuations, but also mutually support each other through microgrid-to-microgrid (MG2MG) interactions under critical conditions such as the outage of any MG batteries. Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-microgrid (V2MG) capabilities have also been designed to address situations where the MG batteries are simultaneously disconnected. Nonlinear time-domain simulation performed in the MATLAB/Simulink environment demonstrates that the proposed DPMSs for off-grid DCFC-MMG perform effectively under various uncertainty and outage conditions.

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History
  • Received:July 19,2025
  • Revised:October 28,2025
  • Adopted:
  • Online: July 24,2026
  • Published:
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