Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

ISSN 2196-5625 CN 32-1884/TK

Multimodal Machine Learning Based Equivalent Modeling Method For Active Distribution Networks
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1School of Electric power Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China;2State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China;3Sustainable Energy and Environment Thrust, Function Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China;4School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen)Shenzhen, China

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This work was supported by State Key Laboratory of HVDC (No. SKLHVDC-2024-KF-11).

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    Abstract:

    With high integration of distributed generators (DGs) and diverse topology reconfigurations, the dynamic states of active distribution networks (ADNs) become more complex, which poses great challenges to the dynamic equivalence of ADNs. In this paper, motivated by the similarities between Newton Raphson power flow calculation (NRPFC) and computation of convolution network (CNN), and based on the capability of recurrent neural network (RNN) to represent the differential algebraic equations (DAEs) of loads, we propose a multimodal machine learning based equivalent modeling method in order to track the dynamic behaviors of ADNs. First, the multimodal machine learning is divided into two modules, one of which is gated recurrent unit (GRU) + fully connected (FC) module to represent the DAEs for load modeling, and the other is CNN + attention module to simulate the NRPFC to extract spatial feature changes of power system caused by disturbances or topology reconfigurations. Then, the robustness and generalization abilities of the proposed method are evaluated by different test systems, where the IEEE 14-bus transmission network is connected to distribution networks with different scales (i.e., IEEE 33-bus distribution network and IEEE 57-bus distribution network). The simulation results reveal that the proposed method can accurately capture the dynamic behaviors of ADNs under different operation conditions. In addition, the precision and generalization of the proposed method is tested in comparison with other deep learning (DL)-based equivalent methods.

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History
  • Received:March 29,2025
  • Revised:June 05,2025
  • Adopted:
  • Online: May 27,2026
  • Published:
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