Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

ISSN 2196-5625 CN 32-1884/TK

Current and Future Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Power Systems: A Critical Appraisal
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1.INESC TEC, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;2.Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark;3.Tsinghua University, Beijing, China;4.National Technical University of Athens, Athens Greece;5.School of Technology and Innovations, University of Vaasa, Vaasa 65200, Finland

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The work of Ricardo J. Bessa was partially supported by the AI4REALNET (AI for REAL-world NETwork operation) project, which received funding from European Union’s Horizon Europe Research and Innovation programme under the Grant Agreement No. 101119527. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them. Spyros Chatzivasileiadis was supported by the ERC Starting Grant VeriPhIED, Grant Agreement 949899, and the ERC Proof of Concept PINNSim, Grant Agreement 101248667, both funded by the European Research Council.

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    Abstract:

    This paper provides an overview of the application potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in power systems and points towards prospective developments in the fields of AI that are promised to play a transformative role in the evolution of power systems. Among the basic requirements, also imposed by regulation in some places, are trustworthiness and interpretability. Large language models, foundation models, as well as neuro-symbolic and compound AI models, appear to be the most promising emerging AI paradigms. Finally, the trajectories along which the future of AI in power systems might evolve are discussed, and conclusions are drawn.

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History
  • Received:October 13,2025
  • Revised:December 06,2025
  • Adopted:
  • Online: January 30,2026
  • Published:
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