Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

ISSN 2196-5625 CN 32-1884/TK

Machine Learning Based Model Predictive Control with Piecewise-affine Approximation Structure for Maximizing Wind Energy Capture
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1.School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China;2.State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd. Research Institute, Nanjing, China

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This work was supported by the Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. BK20241480), the Doctoral Innovation and Entrepreneurship Program in Jiangsu Province (No. JSSCBS20230058), and the State Grid Corporation Science and Technology Project “Key technologies of active frequency support for mid and long distance offshore wind farm with multiple grid-forming converter connected via VSC-HVDC” (No. 5108-202218280A-2-241-XG).

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    Abstract:

    This paper introduces a machine learning (ML) based model predictive control (MPC) with piecewise-affine approximation (PWA) structure for maximizing wind energy capture for an individual wind turbine operating in wind farms with low-quality wind resources. While MPC has the capability to systematically consider the stochasticity of wind speed and the dynamic process of wind turbine, its real-time implementation in a hardware controller of wind turbine has not been successful due to its high online computational burden and stringent execution time requirement in practice. To address this long-standing issue, this paper proposes a two-phase ML-based method consisting of linear regression and clustering to construct a PWA of the optimal law for original MPC scheme. The two-phase ML-based method is tunable with computational complexity, which can be adjusted to meet the hardware limitation of the given controller of wind turbine to enable real-time implementation, while preserving the optimality of linearized full-fidelity MPC as much as possible. We conduct simulations and experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness of the two-phase ML-based method.

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History
  • Received:August 31,2024
  • Revised:December 13,2024
  • Adopted:
  • Online: December 01,2025
  • Published:
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