Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

ISSN 2196-5625 CN 32-1884/TK

Distributed Multi-scale Attention and Predictor-based Control for AC Microgrids with Time Delays and Cyber Failures
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1.College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;2.Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China;3.Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Control Theory and Intelligent Systems, School of Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China;4.School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China;5.State Grid Energy Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, China

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his work was supported by the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China (No. 5100202119559A-0-5-SF).

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    Abstract:

    Distributed secondary control has been proposed to maintain frequency/voltage synchronization and power sharing for distributed energy sources in AC microgrids (MGs). The cyber layer is susceptible to time delays and cyber failures and thus, a distributed resilient secondary control should be investigated. This paper proposes a distributed multi-scale attention and predictor-based control (DMAPC) strategy to address false data injection attacks and packet loss failures with time delays. The multi-scale attention mechanism enables the system to selectively focus on neighbors states with higher confidence evaluated in different time scales, while the data-driven predictor compensates for lost neighbors states in the nonlinear controller. The DMAPC does not impose strict limitations on the number of false communication links or upper bound for false data. Besides, the DMAPC is formulated as an uncertain system with time delays and is proven to be uniformly ultimately bounded. Extensive experiments on a hardware-in-the-loop MG testbed have validated the effectiveness of DMAPC, which successfully relaxes restrictions on cyber failures compared to existing strategies.

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History
  • Received:June 28,2024
  • Revised:October 16,2024
  • Adopted:
  • Online: September 17,2025
  • Published:
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