Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

ISSN 2196-5625 CN 32-1884/TK

Market Scheduling and Pricing for Comprehensive Frequency Regulation Services
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State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China

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This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2023YFB2406800).

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    Abstract:

    The increasing integration of renewable energy sources poses great challenges to the power system frequency security. However, the existing electricity market mechanism lacks integration and incentives for emerging frequency regulation (FR) resources such as wind power generators (WPGs), which may reduce their motivation to provide frequency support and further deteriorate the frequency dynamics. In this paper, a market scheduling and pricing method for comprehensive frequency regulation services (FRSs) is proposed. First, a modeling approach for flexible FR capabilities of WPGs is proposed based on the mechanism of inertia control and power reserve control. Subsequently, considering the differences in inverter control strategies, a novel system frequency response model with grid-following and grid-forming inverters is established. Combined with the automatic generation control, the frequency security constraints of the whole FR process are derived, and integrated into the market scheduling model to co-optimize the energy and FRSs. Finally, by distinguishing the contributions of various types of resources in different FR stages, a differentiated pricing scheme is proposed to incentivize producers with various regulation qualities to provide FRSs. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified on the modified IEEE 6-bus system and the IEEE RTS-79 system.

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History
  • Received:July 20,2024
  • Revised:November 21,2024
  • Adopted:
  • Online: July 24,2025
  • Published:
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