Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

ISSN 2196-5625 CN 32-1884/TK

Effects of Control Loop Interactions on Maximum Power Transfer Capability of Weak-grid-tied Grid-following Inverters
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, 3800 Victoria, Australia;2.Department of Electrical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 14588-89694 Tehran, Iran

Fund Project:

This work was funded by the Australian Renewable Energy Agency (No. 2023/ARP010).

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    Abstract:

    The maximum power transfer capability (MPTC) of phase-locked loop (PLL)-based grid-following inverters is often limited under weak-grid conditions due to passivity violations caused by operating-point-dependent control loops. This paper reveals and compares the mechanisms of these violations across different control strategies. Using admittance decomposition and full-order state-space models for eigenvalue analysis, MPTC limitations from control loops and their interactions are identified. The small-signal stabilities of different control loops are compared under varying grid strength, and both static and dynamic MPTCs for each control mode are examined. This paper also explores how control loop interactions impact the MPTC, offering insights for tuning control loops to enhance stability in weak grids. For example, fast power control improves the MPTC when paired with a slow PLL, while power control has minimal effect when the PLL is sufficiently fast. The findings are validated through frequency scanning, eigenvalue analysis, simulations, and experiments.

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History
  • Received:February 24,2024
  • Revised:June 03,2024
  • Online: May 27,2025