Multi-temporal Optimization of Virtual Power Plant in Energy-frequency Regulation Market Under Uncertainties

doi:10.35833/MPCE.2024.000118

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Multi-temporal Optimization of Virtual Power Plant in Energy-frequency Regulation Market Under Uncertainties

DOI:

10.35833/MPCE.2024.000118

Author:

Wenping Qin
Wenping Qin
Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control and the Key Laboratory of Cleaner Intelligent Control on Coal & Electricity, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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Xiaozhou Li
Xiaozhou Li
Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control and the Key Laboratory of Cleaner Intelligent Control on Coal & Electricity, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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Xing Jing
Xing Jing
Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control and the Key Laboratory of Cleaner Intelligent Control on Coal & Electricity, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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Zhilong Zhu
Zhilong Zhu
Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control and the Key Laboratory of Cleaner Intelligent Control on Coal & Electricity, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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Ruipeng Lu
Ruipeng Lu
Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control and the Key Laboratory of Cleaner Intelligent Control on Coal & Electricity, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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Xiaoqing Han
Xiaoqing Han
Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control and the Key Laboratory of Cleaner Intelligent Control on Coal & Electricity, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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Affiliation:

Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control and the Key Laboratory of Cleaner Intelligent Control on Coal & Electricity, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China

Fund Project:

This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52477115) and (Shanxi) Regional Innovation and Development Joint Fund Project (No. U21A600003).

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Abstract:

The virtual power plant (VPP) facilitates the coordinated optimization of diverse forms of electrical energy through the aggregation and control of distributed energy resources (DERs), offering as a potential resource for frequency regulation to enhance the power system flexibility. To fully exploit the flexibility of DER and enhance the revenue of VPP, this paper proposes a multi-temporal optimization strategy of VPP in the energy-frequency regulation (EFR) market under the uncertainties of wind power (WP), photovoltaic (PV), and market price. Firstly, all schedulable electric vehicles (EVs) are aggregated into an electric vehicle cluster (EVC), and the schedulable domain evaluation model of EVC is established. A day-ahead energy bidding model based on Stackelberg game is also established for VPP and EVC. Secondly, on this basis, the multi-temporal optimization model of VPP in the EFR market is proposed. To manage risks stemming from the uncertainties of WP, PV, and market price, the concept of conditional value at risk (CVaR) is integrated into the strategy, effectively balancing the bidding benefits and associated risks. Finally, the results based on operational data from a provincial electricity market demonstrate that the proposed strategy enhances comprehensive revenue by providing frequency regulation services and encouraging EV response scheduling.

Key words:Virtual power plant (VPP) ; electric vehicle ; distributed energy resource (DER) ; wind power (WP) ; photo voltaic (PV) ; uncertainty ; frequency regulation ; electricity market ; energy market ; Stackelberg game ; conditional value at risk

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Received:January 29,2024
Revised:May 24,2024
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Online: March 26,2025
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