Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

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Home > Archive>Volume 11, Issue 4, 2023 >1341-1355. DOI:10.35833/MPCE.2022.000158
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Stability Comparison Between Grid-forming and Grid-following Based Wind Farms Integrated MMC-HVDC
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Affiliation:

1.China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China;2.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission Technology and Beijing Key Laboratory of DC Grid Technology & Simulation, Beijing 102209, China

Fund Project:

This work was supported by National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2020YFB1506600).

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    Abstract:

    Grid-forming (GFM) control based high-voltage DC (HVDC) systems and renewable energy sources (RESs) provide support for enhancing the stability of power systems. However, the interaction and coordination of frequency support between the GFM-based modular multilevel converter based HVDC (MMC-HVDC) and grid-following (GFL) based RESs or GFM-based RESs have not been fully investigated, which are examined in this study. First, the detailed AC- and DC-side impedances of GFM-based MMC-HVDC are analyzed. The impedance characteristics of GFL- and GFM-based wind turbines are next analyzed. Then, the influences of GFL- and GFM-based wind farms (WFs) on the DC- and AC-side stabilities of WF-integrated MMC-HVDC systems are compared and evaluated. The results show that the GFM-based wind turbine performs better than the GFL-based wind turbine. Accordingly, to support a receiving-end AC system, the corresponding frequency supporting strategies are proposed based on the GFM control for WF-integrated MMC-HVDC systems. The GFM-based WF outperforms the GFL-based WF in terms of stability and response time. Simulations in PSCAD/EMTDC demonstrate the DC- and AC-side stability issues and seamless grid support from the RESs, i.e., WFs, to the receiving-end AC system.

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History
  • Revised:July 05,2022
  • Online: July 25,2023

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