Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

ISSN 2196-5625 CN 32-1884/TK

A Risk-based Competitive Bi-level Framework for Operation of Active Distribution Networks with Networked Microgrids
Author:
Affiliation:

1.Department of Electrical Engineering, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran;2.Department of Electrical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran;3.Department of Electrical Engineering, Pardis Branch, Islamic Azad University, Pardis, Iran

  • Article
  • |
  • Figures
  • |
  • Metrics
  • |
  • Reference
  • |
  • Related
  • |
  • Cited by
  • |
    Abstract:

    This paper presents a risk-based competitive bi-level framework for optimal decision-making in energy sales by a distribution company (DISCO) in an active distribution network (ADN). At the upper level of this framework, the DISCO and a rival retailer compete for selling energy. The DISCO intends to maximize its profit in the competitive market. Therefore, it is very important for the DISCO to make a decision and offer an optimal price for attracting customers and winning the competition. Networked microgrids (MGs) at the lower level, as the costumers, intend to purchase energy from less expensive sources in order to minimize costs. There is a bi-level framework with two different targets. The genetic algorithm is used to solve this problem. The DISCO needs to be cautious, so it uses the conditional value at risk (CVaR) to reduce the risk and increase the probability of making the desired profit. The effect of this index on the trade between the two levels is studied. The simulation results show that the proposed method can reduce the cost of MGs as the costumers, and can enable the DISCO as the seller to win the competition with its rivals.

    表 2 Table 2
    表 3 Table 3
    图1 Networked MGs with single management.Fig.1
    图2 Components in each MG.Fig.2
    图3 Competitive bi-level framework of energy trade between wholesale and retail markets.Fig.3
    图4 Bi-level decision-making leader-follower structure in problem of transactions (bids and offers) among DISCO, retailer, and networked MG.Fig.4
    图5 Flowchart of DISCO profit problem in a competitive market.Fig.5
    图9 Effect of increasing β on retail market prices and overall cost of MGs. (a) Retail market prices presented by DISCO to BNMG. (b) Overall cost of MGs.Fig.9
    图10 Effect of increasing β on average power sold by retailer and DISCO. (a) Sold by retailer. (b) Sold by DISCO.Fig.10
    图12 Effect of increasing β on CVaR and objective function. (a) CVaR. (b) Objective function.Fig.12
    Reference
    Related
    Cited by
Get Citation
Share
Article Metrics
  • Abstract:
  • PDF:
  • HTML:
  • Cited by:
History
  • Received:June 29,2020
  • Online: September 28,2021