Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

ISSN 2196-5625 CN 32-1884/TK

Multi-microgrid Energy Management Systems: Architecture, Communication, and Scheduling Strategies
Author:
Affiliation:

1.College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;2.Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N5A9, Canada;3.College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;4.State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China;5.Melentiev Energy Systems Institute of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk 664033, Russia

Fund Project:

This work was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51877072), and the State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources (No. LAPS20005).

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    Abstract:

    The increasing penetration of various distributed and renewable energy resources at the consumption premises, along with the advanced metering, control and communication technologies, promotes a transition on the structure of traditional distribution systems towards cyber-physical multi-microgrids (MMGs). The networked MMG system is an interconnected cluster of distributed generators, energy storage as well as controllable loads in a distribution system. And its operation complexity can be decomposed to decrease the burdens of communication and control with a decentralized framework. Consequently, the multi-microgrid energy management system (MMGEMS) plays a significant role in improving energy efficiency, power quality and reliability of distribution systems, especially in enhancing system resiliency during contingencies. A comprehensive overview on typical functionalities and architectures of MMGEMS is illustrated. Then, the emerging communication technologies for information monitoring and interaction among MMG clusters are surveyed. Furthermore, various energy scheduling and control strategies of MMGs for interactive energy trading, multi-energy management, and resilient operations are thoroughly analyzed and investigated. Lastly, some challenges with great importance in the future research are presented.

    表 5 Table 5
    表 1 Table 1
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    表 6 Table 6
    图1 水热预处理保温时间对硫酸盐制浆得率的影响Fig.1 Effect of the soaking time on the yield of sulfates prepared by hydrothermal pretreatment
    图2 水热预处理最高温度对硫酸盐法制浆得率的影响Fig.2 Effect of the maximum temperature on the yield of sulfates prepared by hydrothermal pretreatment
    图3 水热预处理pH值对硫酸盐法制浆得率的影响Fig.3 Effect of the pH value on the yield of sulfates prepared by hydrothermal pretreatment
    图4 水热预处理pH值对漂白浆得率的影响Fig.4 Effect of pH value on the yield of bleaching pulp in hydrothermal pretreatment
    图5 水热预处理pH值对漂白浆白度的影响Fig.5 Effect of pH value on the brightness of bleaching pulp in hydrothermal pretreatment
    图6 水热预处理pH值对α-纤维素含量的影响Fig.6 Effect of pH value on the content of α-cellulose in hydrothermal pretreatment
    图7 水热预处理pH值对水解液中木糖与聚木糖含量的影响Fig.7 Effect of pH value on the content of xylose and xylan in hydrolysate in hydrothermal pretreatment
    图8 桉木(F1)、未调节pH预处理纤维(F2)和最佳水热预处理后纤维(F3)的FT-IR谱图Fig.8 FT-IR spectra of eucalyptus (F1), fibers pretreated without pH- adjustment (F2) and fibers under the optimum hydrothermal pretreatment condition (F3)
    图1 Architecture of a typical MMG system.Fig.1
    图2 Functionalities of a typical MMGEMS.Fig.2
    图3 Typical architecture of MMGEMS. (a) Centralized structure. (b) Decentralized structure. (c) Hybrid structure. (d) Nested structure.Fig.3
    图4 Typical communication networking structure of MMGs.Fig.4
    表 4 Table 4
    表 2 Table 2
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History
  • Received:May 11,2020
  • Online: May 19,2021